Genocide and Holocaust
Remembrance Day
BIAFRAN GENOCIDE & JEWISH HOLOCAUST
REMEMBRANCE GATHERING (2nd)
held on 8th June 2008
Another success: Held at our own Venue this year with our Guest Speaker being a Survivor of the Jewish Holocaust. A resounding thankyou to her for talking to us and answering our questions.
Thaknkyou to all of you who attended to make this OUR 2nd Biafran Genocide and Jewish holocaust Remembrance Day a success.
We will never forget ...
-----------------------
30th May 2007 JEWISH HOLOCAUST &
BIAFRAN GENOCIDE REMEMBRANCE GATHERING
at
North Western Reform Synagogue, London
What a day ! A BIG Thank you to everyone who put effort into organising and planning the day and to everyone who turned up and made time to remember OUR dead and fallen and also those who died in the Jewish Holocaust.
What a successful day it was, we arrived at the Synagogue in North London and made a Grand Entrance singing praises to God in Hebrew, Igbo and English.
Our President – Enyinna spoke and explained why we were here and woke us up with a rousing speech !
Ruth a Jewish Holocaust Survivor talked to us about her experiences and how she survived. She is certainly a courageous woman! We could all learn from her experiences.
We had a break for reviving tea and coffee and Eze – General Sec. went and bought biscuits too.
Our own Dee Victor spoke about his own experiences and very harrowing they were too.
We had Dee Ikeazor speak to us about surviving in this harsh world of ours and it was both stimulating and thought-provoking.
We finished the session with prayers and thanks to all the speakers.
With Thanks to Emmanuel – (Officer for Culture) for Hosting the event.
Opening Prayer
(Sung in Hebrew, Igbo, English)
Hebrew
Baruch Hashem Adonai
Baruch Hashem Adonai
Baruch
Baruch
Baruch Hashem Adonai
Igbo
Ekene diri onye nweanyi
Ekene diri onye nweanyi
Ekene O
Ekene O
Ekene diri onye nweanyi
English
Blessed be the name of the Lord
Blessed be the name of the Lord
Blessed
Blessed
Blessed be the name of the Lord.
PRESIDENTS SPEECH FOR THE 2ND GENOCIDE AND HOLOCAUST REMEMBRANCE DAY 8th JUNE 2008
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen,
I would like to Thank our specially Invited Guest Speaker: a Holocaust Survivor from the Jewish Community
May I also Thank :
All the Members of the Good Shepherds Movement,
Members of the Igbo, Ibibio, Efik & Ijaw Communities
Members of the Jewish Community
Members of the British Community &
Members of the Nigerian Community
This is the 2nd Biafran Genocide and Jewish Holocaust Remembrance Day organised by the Good Shepherds Movement. But this years remembrance to me is very important because it is 40 years since a Time Magazine correspondent – Alan Grossman – sent this report to the World.
I quote:
“ without prelude, the rapid approach of a loud, metallic whine overhead transformed normal activity in the town of Umuahia, which now serves as the ..headquarters, into frightened cries and panicked running about. A few seconds later, a single low flying plane cut a straight line across the town, releasing as it went six pairs of rockets….
Outside the Red Cross headquarters at St. Stephen’s school were 2 schoolgirl volunteers, sat outside preparing gari for the evening meal. The teenagers were killed instantly….
The scene I witnessed at … Queen Elizabeth Hospital following the air raid was repeated in nearly every Biafran town I visited. Under tall shade trees outside an already filled mortuary lay a score of corpses including pregnant women and month’s old babies, shattered, disfigured and mangled.
stretchers, and limbs and torsos balanced on shovels. The next morning clutching handkerchiefs over nose and mouth against the stench and carrying freshly sawed unpainted wood coffins the families lined up patiently … to bear away their dead for burial.”
This is also the 60th Anniversary of the establishment of the State of Israel after 2000 years. I would like to take this opportunity to make it clear that the State of Israel was not set up because of the killing of 6 million Jews which was a holocaust. Israel has the right to exist in it’s homeland and also have the right to remind the world Amid the tearful cries of keening women, workers carried into the morgue mashed human fragments piled on of their experience, not only to educate, to heal and to ensure that it will never happen again.
Forty years ago the leader of the young Biafran Republic, Dim Emeka Ojukwu viewing the mangled remains on a mortuary slab said
“ I feel anger with those who made devastating weapons available to primitive men. I even find myself wondering whether there is a God, and what has happened to the conscience of the world.”
Time and time again the powers of this world have continued to fail in their responsibility to protect the defenceless and the unjustly oppressed. In a document credited to Kofi Anna, former Secretary of the U.N., on the Day of Reflection on the Rwandan Genocide. He said
“We must never forget our collective failure to protect at least 800,000 defenceless men, women and children who perished in Rwanda 10 years ago …such crimes cannot be reversed, such failures cannot be repaired the dead cannot be brought back to life, so what can we do? “
Is it not a shame that 40 years on, after the Biafran Genocide and 60 years on after the Jewish Holocaust and a series of other genocides such as Pol Pot did in Cambodia, Nanking, Stalin’s forced Famine, Armenia and Turkey, Bosnia and now again in Darfur that the people in power are still asking what can we do?
Is this not just lip service ? Many Biafrans today have continued to be afraid to discuss or express the repressive of the state against our culture and heritage. There continues to be brutality against a selected ethnic group in the region. People are afraid to acknowledge the fact that Biafra is an ancient landmark that is over 2,000 years old.
Biafran people should condemn any genocide geared against any race, culture or nation whether it be within the Nigerian nation or within any Country of the World.
Those who have suffered genocide or holocaust have vivid experience on how these crimes impact in all aspects of human life and that is why we are calling for it never to happen again and it is our duty as a Movement to keep reminding the world of our experience to honour the memory of our fallen heroes. We shall never forget them, in the day nor in the night.
Finally, I would like to call the Biafran people to look up to the State of Israel as a Nation that has survived Holocaust and have emerged to be a formidable democratic power in the world today.
We must share our history, heritage and experience with our children, and their children’s children. Only this will guarantee our survival as a people, we should not allow the footprint of 40 million of our people to be erased.
A question should always be in our mind why are they not teaching in schools the Biafran-Nigerian War and what happened to Biafra and it’s people.
----------------------------------
THE JEWISH HOLOCAUST AND THE BIAFRAN GENOCIDE
REMEMBRANCE DAY
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen
I would like to thank the Specially invited Guest Speakers:
Mr. Chukwudum Ikeazor,
Mrs. Ruth Barnett,
Pastor. Victor Iwuoha and the
Reverend Fathers.
And I would also like to thank the:
Members of the Good Shepherds Movement,
Members of the Igbo Community,
Members of the Jewish Community,
Members of the London Jewish Cultural Centre and Members of the Holocaust Survival Centre for coming to the North Western Reform Synagogue in North London.
I would also like to thank Ms. Lynette Sunderland and all the Synagogue staff for all their help in arranging the venue, here in the Synagoge.
We have gathered here today the 30th May 2007 to remember millions of our dead who died unjustly in the Jewish Holocaust between 1939-1945 and millions more of the Biafran People who were killed and deliberately starved to death between 1966- 1970. We also acknowledge the personal sacrifice of many non - Jews and non –Biafrans who came to our aid in the hour of our need and were unjustly killed or died as a result, such individuals and couples like Captain Augie Martin and his wife and two crew members, ‘Bull’ Brown, Richard Holzman, Hans Raab, Emane Ngwu and Vince Williams and so many others. It should be noted that Jews and Biafran people remain till date on the killing list of many nations, groups and individuals who remain bent on committing this heneious crime called ‘genocide’ against our people. Sometimes we are expected to forgive those who have committed this terrible atrocity against us, by those who have never suffered this unspeakable crime which is now speakable because it is becoming a common event in the human calendar of atrocities.
I pause to ask a question, where is the soul of the civilised man? and how human is he? I’m begining to wonder that somehow the civilised men and women are involved in these crimes, I consider their silence as consent. In all the cases they are fully aware of what is happening on the ground but they chose to serve what they considered to be their best interests, sometimes they allow the use of their freedom of press to ochestrate the denial of what is a proven fact that there was a Jewish holocaust and Biafran genocide where thousands and even millions of people who witnessed it are still alive.
Another burning question I wish to ask is when will the denial of the holocaust and the Biafran genocide become a crime to all the nations of the earth?
The reason being that the denial of the holocaust and the genocide is an act of holocaust and genocide in itself, because any method or system applied by the these evil men and women to calm their wicked minds which are desperate to kill the innocent should be seen as a crime.
Victims will always try to forgive, should they also forget? We need to ask for evidence that evilish men and women are repentant before we rush to forgiveness which I am considering to be unjust. Maybe we should after all forgive for God’s sake and also to save our minds from insanity which can occur as a result of the trauma from this terrible and hurtful thing some of us have experienced and witnessed.
Many people in this audience may not have heard about the Biafran genocide, the Jewish Holocaust or even the Good Shepherds Movment, we have here some guest speakers who will take us through these events, speakers who are eye witnesses to these terrible crimes against our people and humanity at large. As for the Good Shepherds Movement we are a pro-Biafran, pro-Jewish and pro- Israeli voluntary organisation. We believe that Israel is an underdog that has managed to defend itself against all odds with the hands of the almighty God, Biafrans too are underdogs which have not managed to defend nor free itself even though, arguably we have the highest concentration of human resources both intellectually and materially in Black Africa.
Some civilised people claimed that they supported the underdogs, but I am here today to bear witness that they did not in Biafra, watching the media I am not seeing their support for Israel. The very same people accuse Israel of aggression when small Israel rises to defend itself against the force of terror from multitudes of enemies. It is time to ask the world to stop the political appeasement and stand on the truth.
Many people will be wondering what on earth is the Jewish Holocaust and Biafran Genocide? and why the two together? The Former is over 60 years ago and the latter is 40 years ago. Some evidence in our history has shown plausible significant links, there have been forerunners in the history of the Jewish people, Joseph, Moses, John the Baptist Thordor Herzl, etc . There have also been forerunners in the history of the Igbos (Biafrans) Oludah Equino,Edward Wilmot, Emeka Ojukwu etc. The Jews expanded across Europe and are successful, the Igbo expand across West Africa and are successful.
Jews & Igbos are commonly hated across these respective regions. There is no other reason than envy.
I never even knew that Igbos were called Jews in Nigeria until 1988 when I was travelling to Lagos, my taxi driver said:
“ where are you coming from ? “
‘Benin’, I replied
He said “look at all these businesses they are all owned by the Jews, I can’t believe it, that in 18 years they can come and take over again after all we did to them!”
I was perplexed, I asked ‘who are the Jews?’
“Old boy Igbos I mean” he explained.
A terrible fear went into my body because I found myself in the lions den.
In 1914 Nigeria, under the British elite, Sir Lord Lugard was asked to amalgamate Biafra and Nigeria without referendum nor plebecide. In 1917 another British man
Sir James Balfour was doing the same game with Israel.
In 1939-45 the Jewish were faced with total anihilation of an enormous proportion. With the hands of the Almighty some Jews survived to re-establish Israel, where it has always been.
The Good Shepherds Movement and the Biafran people are here today to remember our fallen heroes and to celebrate in this 40th year (of the start of the Biafran Genocide) victory with Israel. By the might of almighty God the survival of the Jews served as a forerunner to prevent the anihilation of Biafra.
Biafran people go and read your recent history you will see what the Jewish community and the nation of Israel and its people contributed to prevent the planned anihilation of Biafra. The victory of Israel is our victory, for evidence has now shown that the enemies of Israel have always been the enemies of the Biafra people. We can no longer afford to shy away from this basic fact. The Jewish and the Biafran people are the only few nations on this earth that people hate because of their industriousness and their name.
All Jews are Jews in the eyes of the enemy,he/she does care of orthodox, liberal, Sephardi, Ashkenazi, messianic, Asian Jew, American Jew, British Jew,European Jew or African Jew. The irony of it all is that the Biafran people are called and known as Jews in Nigeria, the Islamists treat us as such. Whenever conflict erupts in the Middle East involving Israel rhetoric and attack against the Igbos (Biafrans) starts in Nigeria. (see accompanying articles). We have not asked to be identified as Jews, we have no synagogues, we are not going to ask for the right of return. 99% of our 35 million population are Christians, because of fear many of our people are now hiding their identity as Igbos, but the enemy see us as Jews.
Yes, the Igbos converted to Christianity just 200 - 300 years ago, yes 35 million Igbos practice what appears to be a Jewish tradition over hundreds of years, every Igbo male is circumcisend eight days after birth, a tradition that has been for hundreds of years, there are special rituals and laws regarding killing and eating meat. We recognise and worship one God before the Europeans brought Christianity, this one God we called Chukwu Abiam (God of Abraham).
This and other recent archealogical evidence has suggested a link between Jews and Igbos. Perhaps there is a link? Why we are collectively hated by the same people.
Is it not right therefore that We must now share sorrow together and celebrate victory together. I have catholic Rev. Fathers here who can bear witness to a claim I wish to make, The Igbos are the only group of ‘Nigerian’ Christians that believe in the Torah (Old testament), continued in what appears to be Judaism in their tradition and pray for the victory Israel in their Churches and homes while we remain Christians.
We the Good Shepherds Movement have come to hear the experiences of a Holocaust survivor, an eye witness. This will enable us to extend the story to the Afro - European Community and Sub-Saharan Africa. We want Israel to have more friends in Africa and further enhance mutual understanding between the Biafran people and the Jewish commmunity especially now our adversaries are once again on the rise.
In the last few months we have been actively involved in promoting Jewish/Israeli and Biafran causes. We have learnt a lot.
I have observed some of the strengths of our communities, I am also concerned of its weaknesses. One of which is our inability to created a multifacted strategy to engage against our growing enemies, counteracting them, not only with force, both with multimedia, community activities, voluntary works, spiritually, using historical knowledge either real or traditional stories, engaging them from many dimensions as diverse as they might prove to be. The Jews and the Igbos cannot continue thinking that caging in and new Baptisms can stop the aggression of a pathological enemy who is bent on our extermination. Wars, appeasement, relinquishing of assets and peace agreements will not be effective enough for the type of enemy our people are facing. The enemy is bent on the project of world domination, but this world is created by Chukwu Abiam and he is our God.
I will assure you that anyone that tells the story of Holocaust and Genocide has prevented holocaust and genocide in the soul of the person who heard your story. Joining those who wish that we do not continue to remind the world what happened, is directly or indirectly encouraging what the Arab Militia are doing in Darfur. Why has the civilised world kept a blind eye from these atrocities, perhaps the victims have not qualified in the theory of what constitutes human beings, maybe they are yet to develop the zeal to use their children to launch suicide bombs.
The media cannot be used to expose the nations and culture behind these atrocities, image of their children and women are more profitable to be used by “charity companies” to attract sympathy from their western donors. We are not only witnessing genocide in Darfur by Arab Militias against black Africans, but we are living witnesses to the most cruel lies in modern history.
Mr. Lapid, President of Yad Vashem, spoke of the need to act against modern genocides.
He stated:
"Even after the Holocaust we witnessed genocide in Biafra, Cambodia, Rwanda, and we must cry out against the genocide currently being committed in Darfur in Sudan -- and the world is sitting on its hands and sends a few sacks of flour, not so much in order to feed the hungry, but rather to calm its conscience,".
(Ha'aretz. J. Lapid, 2007).
Unconstructive appeasement of the enemy in words and deeds, hiding your identity, creating an unholy platform to advance oneself against the greater good of your own people can never be sustainble. It did not work with the Nazis, it did not work in Apartheid South Africa, it did not work in Biafra and it will not work now.
Your enemy knows you even when you think he is your friend.
We should remember our fallen heroes, friends, brothers, sisters, parents in the night and in the day. We shall tell their stories before friends and enemies alike with no fear nor favour. May we bear witness in high and low places of what we have heard and seen today. We must all submit to the God of our forefathers the God of Israel in whom our peace, freedom and security is assured.
I thank you all for taking time off to be here today . Your blessings are assured in the Lord.
Long live the Nation of Israel.
Long live the people of Bia- efraim (Biafra).
May Glory, Power & Majesty be unto the God of Abraham ( Chukwu Abiam).
Thank you once again for coming to this important gathering,
Enyinna M.Sc.
President - Good Shepherds Movement
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Speech by Pastor Victor Iwuoha
"Today we are here to remember the heinous crime committed against Jews worldwide and the Biafran people of Eastern Nigerian origin. Genocide is a heinous crime against God and humanity. We are not here to instigate or advocate for another war because we are a non-violent organisation and remain lawful in pursuit of our aspiration.
As I accepted the task of making speech on this subject, I prayed for God’s inspiration to remember the things that I need to remember and forget the things I need to forget. It is an inexplicable pain and burden to be going about with the memory of what happened during the Biafran – Nigerian war in his mind as it a great pain to me. This continueing pains and rejection over the assertion of right to exist is what , I believe we share with the Jews worldwide.
Nihina agha ajka (because war is bad).
As a man with some years of experience, I do get worried and find it inexplicable at how unpleasant events happen to the Jews almost at the same time with the Biafran people. In 1945, anti Jewish rioters in Tripoli, Libya killed 140 Jews. At that time, Biafrans were massacred in Jos, Nigeria.
In 1948, following Isreali independence, Biafrans were massacred in Kano again. Sequel to 1949- 1956 Arab / Israeli war, the Nigerian government resolved to terminate Biafrans between
1967-1970. Even in the recent issues between Israel and hezbollah of Lebanon, the leader of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria, Sheik Ibrahim Zakzaky led millions of northern Islamic protesters delaring death to America and Israel and vowed to vehemently deal with and exterminate all Jews in Nigeria and any tribe associating with the Jews, the Biafrans. As a fact, it is impossible to put down on paper all the correrelative events that bind Jews and Biafra.
The first massacre of our people, mainly the Igbo’s took place in Northern Nigerian cities. It was a highly organised killing unimaginable, it was systematic. The people that committed the evil were soldiers of Northern Nigerian origin in combination with Islamic extremists. They went all over cities in the North wherever our people lived and killed them en-mass.They mounted road blocks and, searched vehicles and killed and killed and killed. Corpses of pregnant women littered the streets with their wombs ripped open and the unborn babies slaughtered. An account of my next door neighbour’s wife was argonisingly frighteneing. I really hate to recollect it. Her womb was ripped opened, she was beheaded and had limbs amputated. The husband was asked to eat the blood soaked child alive before he was eventually shot by the Nigerian army.
It was a calculated plan of extermination.
THE SLAUGHTER OF OUR PEOPLE IN KADUNA, KANO, SOKOTO, MADUGURI, ZARIA, FUNTUA, KAFANCHAN, JOS AND MKRUDI ETC.
It was a merciless killing that dealt with pregnant women (babies in the womb were killed) school children and non-school children and every Easterner that lived in Northern Nigeria. They all perished in the pogrom carried out against our people. They were slaughtered more and more in train stations and bus stations. Those that ventured to the airports to escape the horror were encircled and killed in numbers. Those that escaped from the far north met their doom at Makurdi where their life and their journey was terminated and their bodies thrown into the River Benue.
One passenger train that was Eastbound was stopped at Makurdi, its passengers who were mainly Igbo’s were marched out and killed, their bodies were thrown into the River Benue. The remnants that finally escaped after several days journeying on foot came back to the East with not even a pin on them.
These were people who were once ‘well-to-do’, dominant in business, who owned houses and hotels, restaurants and landed properties etc, they lost all as a result of the massacre. Many families back home were badly affected as people came back home and began to grapple with their situation, but the mercy of God was still on our people.
As a youngster, I lived in Onitsha town with my kindred before the war. All of a sudden, one early morning there began a heavy artillery bombardment non-stop from across the River Niger and jam-packed town dwellers ran helter-skelter. While we were pondering and wondering what it was all about, they, the Federal troop swooped on us with jet bombers and raised the entire town with shellings and bombs. Blood streamed, flowed and flooded the entire streets. The cries of dying defenceless and hapless children and mothers are still ringing in my ears till day.
It was at this point I gathered that Federal Government troops had attacked Onitsha.
It was ahorrible forceful evacuation experience. Thousands of people lost their lives and thousands more were wounded mainly civilians.
The road was covered with multitudes of evacuees fleeing for safety to their homeland. Then came two Nigerian Combatant Aircraft and fired into evacuees with bombs and rockets and many unlucky ones died on the spot.
As full blown war began to ravage the Land of Biafra, those who went to defend their Fatherland werenot returning. My own blood brother who left home to defend his father land never came back. We saw leave but never saw his corpse anymore. There was no village in Biafraland that was not affected.
ECONOMIC BLOCKADE:
The Biafran land was cut off from the outside world by Federal forces. Soon all essential commodities and every foodstuff and other vital things that give life disappeared from the market in Biafra.Thousands of people died as a result of that.
I myself did eat rats and lizards to survive. For over two years I ate emergency food without salt, and of course every other person did. To see salt and sugar and milk in Biafra was a dream. Everyday we went to the bush searching for edible leaves in place of normal vegetables to boil and eat. The heaven over us became brass and our earth where we stood became iron, an awful experience I would not like to recall to memory. I will not fail to mention the day that I shed tears because of the war.
Then I said to myself 'O God, why have you left us to perish in this manner. What have we done to warrant all these sufferings and deaths', then I cried and cried.
Millions died of Kwashiorkor (malnutrition and hunger due to no food) in Biafra. Can you imagine when only two or three women would be around to bury someone who died of Kwashiorkor because no man was around to do that? Or can you imagine when only a single weak man, not fit for the battlefront was the only person around to bury his dead.
As a survivor of not only the war bullets and starvation which was most devastating, I make bold to say that my survival was owed to God first, and the relief from the Jewish nation and its people worldwide.
AIR – RAID:
As the war went in progression the Nigerian Airforce manned by Egyptian pilots mounted bombing campaigns against the Biafran hapless and defenceless populace. Day in and day out they bombed defenceless people in market places all over Biafra in which thousands lost their lives. In all these, God Almighty spared many of our people from death including myself.
FINAL DEATH:
Even as the assasination of the Biafrans were raging, in what Federal forces called the final push, that was between 1969 and 1970. Federal forces went all about Biafraland comandeering, raping and killing anyone at their wims and caprices. That was when they shot and killed Dr. Kalu Ezera a prominent Igbo Political Scientist in his house. These things happened even when they said war has ended. They entered into a village in Mbaise and seized a girl, when the mother came out to defend the girl they shot and killed the poor woman.
That was the height of genocide committed against the Biafran people. It is the greatest inhumanity to deny holocaust and genocide."
From Socialist Worker, 10 July 1969, p.2.
Transcribed by Ted Crawford.
Marked up by Einde O’Callaghan for the Marxists’ Internet Archive.
http://www.marxists.org/archive/sedgwick/1969/07/biafra.htm
Peter Sedgwick on the grim meaning of ‘The Wilson Syndrome’
The people of Biafra once again face annihilation despite talk of resuming relief flights. Until last month, international charities had secured the passage of vital protein foods into the war area, and ended the famine in which more than a million people, of both sexes and all ages, died of hunger and deficiency diseases.
Now the famine is be to be repeated – especially since a number of spokesmen for the Federal Nigerian government have at last admitted that their policy is to use starvation as a weapon to subjugate Biafra.
The British government continues to support the Federal campaign, diplomatically and in the massive supply of arms. In the hospitals and mortuaries of Biafra, the causes of starvation and death are inscribed in the victims’ records officially ‘The Wilson Syndrome’.
The issues in the war are fairly simple. The demands of General Gowon’s Federal Nigerian government are for the total surrender of Biafra and the total re-organisation of the whole of Nigeria into 12 states one of which would be a truncated ‘Iboland’ without access to the sea.
The other Ibo areas would be carved up in different regions. The vital Port Harcourt (predominantly an Ibo town) and several Ibo-speaking oil areas would be outside ‘Iboland’.
Quite apart from the prospect of this dismemberment, the Eastern people do not trust their future within a Federal structure which in 1966 permitted several waves of massacre of their citizens in the backward North and which in 1967 refused to accept any financial responsibility for assistance to the two million Ibos who migrated back into the East after the massacre.
They do not trust a regime which imposed a total blockade on the Eastern region, when the latter, after the refusal of aid, switched its funds from Federal taxes to local relief, and which has demonstrated its concern for the population of Biafra(whom it claims to rule) by genocidal starvation and the repeated slaughter of whole townships by Northern units waging a fanatical Muslim ‘holy war’.
What are Biafra’s demands? Simply sovereignty and independence, with the borders of the new state to be determined by referendum among the peoples of disputed areas, with the re-settlement of any groups who wanted to live either inside or outside Biafra.
This latest operation would be no more difficult than the re-settlement that took place with, for example, the people displaced in Ghana’s Volta River Project, and is an effective answer to those who claim that Biafra is simply an expression of the desire of the Ibos to dominate their own non-Ibo minorities. (The Ojukwu regime is fairly confident that many of the minority peoples would choose Biafra, since many of them were also, as Easterners, on the receiving end of the massacres in 1966)
Virtually nobody, in fact, can be found who will defend the Federals’ war-aims. Nobody, that is, except the official ‘Nigerian Marxist-Leninists’ delegation to the international Communist Party conference in Moscow last month which declared, without any contradiction in the assembly, that ‘history and the example of the Soviet Union’ had proved the justice of the Federal/Military government’s 12-state programme and that Biafra had been set up by, among others, the Vatican and Mao Tse-tung.
There has been, on the other hand a marked lack of enthusiasm on the Left for taking up the Biafrans’ cause. Surely some compromise should be arrived at, or so it is hinted.
Unfortunately, as in Vietnam, the demand for ‘negotiation’ is illusory. The Federal side demands surrender – it is the Biafrans who are calling for a cease-fire and talks. Even the recent attempts by a few high-ranking Biafrans to fish for a settlement on terms of less than full sovereignty have proved totally abortive. General Gowon wants his victory.
It is quite likely, in any case that any compromise offered by Biafran leaders would be repudiated by the populace. In the original decision to secede in May 1967, Ojukwu was pushed beyond the mandate he requested to ‘assert the autonomy of Eastern Nigeria without specifying either when or in what form this autonomy should finally be claimed’.
The Eastern ‘Consultative Assembly’, responding to the pressure of mass meetings in the localities instead mandated him urgently to declare the total secession of an independent Biafra. So much for the image of a Biafra created by the wilful ineptitude of the intransigent General Ojukwu.
Others on the Left allege that Biafra is in some way or other an imperialist puppet, the creature of South Africa, Portugal or France. If this were so, the recognition of Biafra by Tanzania and Zambia, who (especially the former) are vigorous opponents of white imperialism in Africa, would be very surprising.
And it is not so, Portugal supplies no arms or aid to Biafra (with the exception of permitting one of Biafra’s few air outlets to the outside world via Lisbon and Sao Tome). Rumours of South African mercenaries have subsided as such characters have failed to make any appearance in the actual course of the war – although we must not forget the vicious behaviour of the small group of Swedes who recently committed the unforgivable atrocity of destroying most of Nigeria’s Russian bombers by flying low over them with lightly-armed trainers (clear evidence of western neo-colonial influence).
The role of France is obscure, though nobody suggested that de Gaulle’s diplomatic support for North Vietnam and the Arab world meant that Ho Chi Minh or Nasser had sold out to French imperialism.
There have been reports that French channels have been used for the sale of arms to Biafra. Even if these accounts were true, why the hell not? The Federal Nigerian government denies this incidentally, claiming that Biafra is being armed from China, no less.
Far from being a, neo-colonialist stooge, the Biafran government has taken over the oil fields in its territory, and is now the first African nation to refine its own oil.
Biafran guerrillas in the Mid-West are, operating successfully against Shell-BP’s pipelines in areas adjacent to Biafra (hence those captured oilmen), where the British oil, companies have been moving in behind the Nigerian army to extract new wealth. Britain gets 20 per cent of its oil from Nigeria and would like more, given the Arab situation; Shell-UK bases its growth prospects for the coming year almost entirely on its Nigerian activities.
This month, Shell-BP plans to open a new 60-mile pipeline in the Mid-West costing £17½ million. As Auberon Waugh pointed out in The Spectator (May 30) these pipelines are militarily indefensible, in a region where an effective Biafran guerrilla force has been ranging for the last six months with the support of the Mid-West people.
Possibly the recent outcry in certain British newspapers over Biafra’s plight may be prompted by the realisation that, ‘our oil’ is not, after all, safeguarded by the support given by Gowon.
Readers of the press may remember the prominence given to a Major-General H.T. Alexander, former Chief of Staff in Nkrumah’s Ghana, who visited the Federal-occupied areas as an ‘impartial observer’ and reported that no genocide was being committed. A man, clearly, of impeccable credentials.
Auberon Waugh, in the article cited above, revealed (1) that Major-General Alexander is managing director of London and Thames Haven Oil Wharves, which was deriving 75 per cent of its profits from Shell and (2) that Shell has now taken over London and Thames, loch, stock and General Alexander.
The Major-General has now been publicly encouraging the Nigerian government to take out Uli air-strip the only way in for relief aircraft to Biafra. No genocide of course, just let them starve to death. (As the commandant of Belsen, said at his trial: we didn’t kill all those Jews, it just so happened that conditions were very, very bad.)
On any other issue of course the Tory Spectator would not come out with this kind of exposure.
The silence and inactivity of the official and unofficial British Labour movement on Biafra has been appalling. The alliance of Brezhnev’s Russia and Shell-BP, of technological Harold and the feudal Emirs of North Nigeria would be monstrous enough even without its consequences and its consequences are imperialist mass-murder, the war of oil and blood.
The protest movement in the West has been softened up for too long. Duties are no longer enough for it, it must have the excitement of loyalties. If Ojukwu were to exclaim – ‘Viva Che!’ and proclaim himself a Marxist; if Biafra were to invent yet another phoney brand of ‘African socialism’ and introduce a one-party (instead of a no-party) state, then of course, ‘solidarity campaigns’ would, sprout and Shell-Mex House would replace Grosvenor Square as the scene of demonstration and battle.
Some supporters of Biafra have in their enthusiasm tended to claim that Ojukwu’s regime represents some new wave of African radicalism. This is probably not so. A consistent anti-imperialist and anti-capitalist programme will need to be developed, in Biafra no less than in Nigeria, against the military, bureaucratic and native-business structure.
Paradoxically, it has been the very existence of illusions about the ‘socialism’ of many third world movements that has prevented the cruel invasion of foreign powers, of monopolist exploiters, and of an Islamic mediaeval Mafia on a scale which makes Vietnam look like a picnic.
The cause of Biafra is just. Its people are fighting a heroic war of courage and ingenuity against the gigantic weaponry of a feudal-imperial bloc.
And they are being killed off, the first million already, the next million probably soon to come. That should be enough surely to compel us to act.